We now have close-up views of comets. There have been a few spacecraft that have given us detailed images of comets. THE ESA's Giotto probe sent back the first images of the nucleus of Comet Halley. This image shows the nucleus and the inner coma very well. The most recent has been the Deep Impact probe which, as the name implies, actually hit a comet nucleus with an object. The Deep impact probe has gone on to a new assignment in the solar system, to another comet named Hartley 2. We now have a good idea of the structure of a comet: So what do comets look like? Here is the first close-up image of Comet 67P taken in 2015 by the Rosetta spacecraft. This animation gives does an excellent job of showing what we might see close-up. Here are some pretty pictures of comets, as well as some intriguing illustrations. The lander portion of the mission, a probe called Philae, landed badly on the surface of the comet nucleus. It returned much less data than hoped for. Lastly, to the right are a couple of images of the model comet nuclei that I made a few years ago with snow, dry ice, and some dirt. They turned out really well!
Carpe Caelum Planetary Astronomy